Life is full of choices and
selectivity. There is old saying called ‘’what is popular is not always right;
what is right is not always popular.’’ We don’t always make the right choices nor
do the right thing. Mistakes are a normal part of living and to be expected.
All people make mistakes; it’s part of living. When we make a mistake, we gain
more self-awareness and, hopefully, learn a life’s lesson. It’s true! We can
learn by our mistakes. What is more important, we can avoid some mistakes if we
take the time to identify our personal values and ethics.
What
are the values and ethics? Though these two words have constructed with six
letters, they are not fancy words to be thought of carelessly, haphazard
or slapdash, or worse, not thought about it all. In general interpretation or
definition, values are attitudes and beliefs about things that we think is
important in our life. For instance, family time, money, fame, religion,
education, health, community service, independence and honesty, these all are
values. Besides these, there are other sorts of values, of course, depending on
individual.
If
becoming famous or popular is not important or significance, to us, then fame
is not personal value to us. Obviously, then, each sort of values differ with
the person. We all the human beings, do not always agree with others about the
importance, or values, some things in life. Family life or relationship is extremely
important to all people, but, there are, some people, who would rather be on
their own and allow very few times for the family.
In
such occasions, ethics (Panca Sila),
which are also known as a ‘’Code of conduct, discipline or rules and
regulations, play very significant roles. Our personal, family and social,
economical values contribute to the strength of our ethics with positive
behaviors and positive attitudes. Values and ethics are in continues process of
development or building cycle. Every single day, we confronted with the new
sorts of choices. Sometimes, we makes good-mood and another times falter.
Sometimes we do wholesome and another times, unwholesome deeds. Sometimes, we
make wrong decision and it’s effects comes after us like wheels of the cart
comes after the hoof of the oxen and other times, we get good decision and
the fruits of it remain with us like a once own shadow which is never leave.
According to the Buddhism, Ethics (or SILA) means physical and mental well-being or
well-behavior and calmness. Person’s characters can be measured through his or
her speaking words and physical behaviors. Eradication or avoidance of the
sinful-unwholesome actions and doing good or wholesome deeds through body and
mind is called Ethics (SILA). This the
reason why, we use the words called ‘’Veramani’’ It’s mean
‘separation.’’ In Buddhist ethological,
not sticking to the unwholesome deeds and observing the wholesome deeds,
happens or occurs.
Within every single person, Ethics arise, when
there are not unwholesome thoughts like Unawareness (Abhijja), Ill-will
or acrimony (Vyapada) and Intention of cruelty (Vihimsa).
A person he who understand that the presence of the ultimate happiness (Nibbana),
five sorts of hindrances are barricade or blockade and stymie, win or get
released from the wars of sensual desire which lead to decide or get wrong
decision seldom. Buddhist ethological philosophy defines it as Nekkhamma Sankappa
or concepts. Though a person live a life like an ordinary people, being won the
war of sensual desire, he or she does not think to kill or hurt anyone. This is
the reason to be arisen good-will (Avyapada) and harmlessness (Avihimsa)
concepts. These three concepts are the firm foundation of understanding the
existence of the Samsaara. It is called Samyak Ditthi or
understanding or choosing, what is right and wrong, what is wholesome and
unwholesome, what is good and bad which leads to visualize the values of all
above mentioned things. These Samyak Ditthi right understanding, Samyak
Sankappa right thought and Sammyak Ajiva
right livelihood makes to arise ethics (SILA) within a person. Thus the ethics
arise once within a person, he or she becomes enthusiastic towards it. Begin to
observe and apply it in his day to day life. Implies, his or her physical and
mental devotion. This is what called well-developed- characteristic person. According
to Buddhism, there are two ways of observing precepts called Nicca Vasena and
Uposatha Vasena.
Five precepts (Pancha
Sila)
Nicca Vasena
means observing the precepts according to the worldly statements (Doing the
sins accordance with the nature of the world) and refraining from the unwholesome
deeds. Besides regarding the significance and values of the particular countries
and times, reacting within the societies and communities against the Samma Jiva
or right livelihood is called worldly sinful statements. Within this five
precepts consist, those above mentioned Samma or righteousness and
well-being. To become and develop sorts of spirituality and good character within
oneself and the society where there, we do live, this ethologic was regarded as
the ordinary people’s observable precepts. Among the four Buddhist main sources
called faith (Saddha),
precepts (Sila), generosity
(Chag) and wisdom (Panna),
Sila is to be counted as one main resource.[1]
1) Panatipata pativirato hoti, refraining
from killing is the first precepts within the five Sila. Every living beings
love their life. Dislikes to death. Therefore, we should not kill anyone for
the well fare of once own self and benefits. Through this precept implies the
independency of all living beings. A person, who does observe this precept, earns
the dangerousness in this life and hereafter. Within the action of killing
animals consist hatred, ill-will, enmity and malice, so, the physically,
mentally and consciously, too have to suffer. A person, who refrains from
killing animals have no fears and hatred.[1]
2) Adinnadana pativirato hoti, refraining
from stealing is a second precept. Adattadana means getting something that is
not given. Foundation of this precept is unawareness. It’s mean wishing others
things and goods. A person, who does steals others things, arise fears and
hatred within this life and hereafter.
3) Kamseu Micchacara pativirato hoti, third precept is
refraining from the sexual misconducts. This precept is to be expected the
righteous way of sexual relationship between male and female. Due to eluding,
exceeding and surpassing the social consent, concert and convention and
blatantly, having strong desire to have sexual misconduct cause to commit this
precepts. This sort of act is a barricade and blockade for the peaceful marriage life.
Buddha taught that, the person who commit this
precept lose his character within the society as a bad person and become a
sinful person in this life and hereafter. It’s cause to be born on the hell
(Bad states of mind). Many scholars try to put these precepts among the five
sensual pleasure but, ‘Kamesumicchacara
Veramani’, mentioning these words, Buddha states as the
sexual misconduct among the male and female. A word ‘Kamesu’’ implies the sensual relation among the male and
female. In S.N.
2, Pancabhayavera Sutta, the
Buddha said that female-form, female-sound, female-taste and female-potthabba
gravitate with the male’s sense and male-form, male-sound, male-taste and
male-potthabbas attach with female’s sense desire. The one who commit this
precept also suffer and brings troublesome in this very life and hereafter
life.
4) Musavada pativirato hoti, refraining
from telling lies is fourth precept. Words are the media, which helps to
develop every sorts of relationship within the society and country, where
there, we are living on. Growing the trustworthiness within each other through
the expressed words is the reaction of this precept. Limitedness within the
words has shown in the kakacupama sutta.
Should be spoken occasional words (Kalena).
Should be spoken valuable words (Bhutena).
Should be spoken soft words (Sanhena).
Useful words should be spoken (Atthasanhitena).
Compassionate and commiserative words should be spoken (Mettena). A person, who speaks disregarding these facts, will suffer here and hereafter.
5) Surameraya majjapamadatthana
pativirato hoti, last
but least one is refraining from intoxicative drinks like, cigarette alcohol
etc. A person who drinks intoxicative drinks, lead his life towards the states
of heedlessness, which is the door to the all kinds of sins. This is also gives
the fears and hatred within a person in this life and next, who drinks
intoxicative things. [1]
Whenever,
we regard these all the above mentioned facts, which shows thousands worth
values of the five precepts for the development and clear, perspicuous and undisturbed existence of the person, can understand its
significant roles. Being the entrance door towards the mansion of wholesome
deeds, the Buddha preached it to make baggy, easy,
lax, and liberal, lose and simple way for the bondage which cause to be born
again and again. A person inclines and trends
towards the unwholesome deeds due to the sensual desire (Kama), hatred
and ill-will (Vyapada) and intention of cruelty (Vihimsa). That
is the reason why, five sensual desires make to arise suffering and fearfulness
in this life and hereafter. As well as, through the wholesome deeds make the
righteous personality, five precepts play the main roles for the clear,
perspicuous and undisturbed society and country.
To be accepted as the well-developed and righteous
society, there should be protected independency of the citizens. One’s living
right should be protected. Relationship between husband and wife should have a space, convenience, opportunity,
permission and scope to continue ahead righteously and moralistically. This
also one of the firm pillar for the well-developed society. There should have a
space and area to know the truth without any cheats and deceit. There should be space and areas
to live separately from the drunkard and softy person. Those all the space and
areas provide the precepts to a person to build a well-developed society and
rightful characteristic along with the ultimate happiness (Nibbana).
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